Figuring out your skin type can be challenging for a few reasons. The first is that there are quite a few different skin types (oily, dry, sensitive, combination), the second is that your skin can fall into two different categories and finally, there are outside factors that can affect your complexion, such as the weather, pollution and more. To help you determine what your skin type is, we’re sharing the common indicators of each type below with the help of board-certified dermatologist and Skincare.com expert, Dr. Dhaval Bhanusali.
Normal Skin
Normal skin is often balanced (read: not too oily, not too dry) throughout the day, though it can still show signs of occasional oiliness or dryness.
How to care for normal skin: Cleansing with a gentle cleanser, using moisturizer and applying sunscreen are daily essentials. You can also try incorporating a daily antioxidant serum, like the SkinCeuticals C E Ferulic, and an exfoliating product into your routine a few times a week.
Oily Skin
The easiest way to spot an oily complexion? Shiny skin. Because sebaceous glands among oily skin types are more active, skin may be more prone to breakouts and blemishes. To help you determine if you fall into this category, Dr. Bhanusali recommends trying this quick test: “Grab a blotting paper and gently dab different areas of your face,” he says. “If the sheet becomes translucent, it’s indicative of oil absorption.”
How to care for oily skin: When it comes to taking care of your oily skin, “cleansing two to three times per week with an exfoliating cleanser can be helpful,” says Dr. Bhanusali. “Look for products formulated with ingredients like glycolic acid or salicylic acid.” We recommend the Vichy Normaderm Phyto Action Daily Deep Cleansing Gel, which is made with salicylic acid to reduce acne blemishes, clogged pores and blackheads. Just be careful not to over-do it, as over-exfoliating can lead to a hypersecretion of oil. “In other words, your skin can actually become even more oily than when you started,” explains Dr. Bhanusali. To complete the routine, stick to lightweight, oil-free moisturizers, antioxidants serums, and, of course, daily sunscreen.
Dry Skin
According to board-certified dermatologist and Skincare.com consultant Dr. Dendy Engelman, dry skin usually appears flaky. “If you see lifted skin, like white flecks, you probably have dry skin,” she says. According to the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), dry skin may also appear dull and occasionally feel itchy.
How to care for dry skin: The AAD recommends that dry skin types reach for a gentle or creamy cleanser and steer clear of foaming cleansers, which may be formulated with ingredients that could strip the skin of moisture. When the skin is slightly damp, apply moisturizer to help lock in hydration and follow up with a broad-spectrum sunscreen (reapply as needed throughout the day). One of our favorite moisturizers for dry skin is the Garnier SkinActive Water Rose 24H Moisture Cream.
It is worth mentioning that there’s a difference between dry skin and dehydrated skin. Dry skin (the skin type) is what you deal with year-round. Dehydrated skin, on the other hand, can be a temporary result of exposure to a number of factors, including winter weather, strong cleansers, hard water and more. Dehydrated skin can affect all skin types. In fact, you may even suffer from dehydrated skin and dry skin at the same time. If your skin looks drier than usual in the winter, for instance, this may be a sign that your skin needs more attention.
Combination Skin
“Combination skin is by far the most common skin type I see in my patients,” says Dr. Bhanusali. “They come in with an oily T-zone (nose, eyebrows and chin) and dry skin at the periphery.”
How to care for combination skin: Dealing with two opposite skin personalities can be a bit tricky, but it’s not impossible. Try exfoliating a couple times a week to help keep excess oil at bay and when it comes to moisturizing, stick to a hydrating yet lightweight formula, like the Kiehl’s Calendula Serum-Infused Water Cream.
Sensitive Skin
If you have sensitive skin, then you probably experience frequent irritations or redness to skin-care ingredients like acids, retinol essential oils and even fragrances.
How to care for sensitive skin: The key to caring for sensitive skin is to reach for gentle skin-care products with as few ingredients as possible. Avoid over-exfoliating your face (one to two times a week is fine), and always perform a patch test before introducing new products into your routine. If you need a recommendation, CeraVe is a great brand for sensitive skin types as it’s developed with dermatologists and is fragrance-free and allergy-tested. Try the new Hydrating Cream-to-Foam Cleanser for its mild skin-care ingredients that effectively cleanse the skin without stripping it of essential moisture.
Images Courtesy: Chaunte Vaughn
